The peaks of Porto Santo and the islets surrounding the island have specific ecological features and form part of a series of protected natural areas. The highest peak, known as Facho, is 517 metres but from the top of the Pico do Castelo, 438 metres high, there is a panoramic view that enables the visitor to get an idea of the form of the island - two groups of volcanic islands separated by a sandbank and several islets in the open sea.

The Pico Branco, 450 metres high, is of major importance for the conservation of several unique species.

On Pico Ana Ferreira, the Pedreira viewpoint, consisting of prismatic columns in irregular shapes, is known locally as the "Piano".

The six islets off Porto Santo are a special area for nesting marine birds and the conservation of Macaronesian flora. The Ilheu da Cal is of particular interest because of the rich limestone quarries there. Its sides, perforated by caves, lead to numerous galleries that have been worked. A cable-car will shortly be built to connect with Ponta da Calheta, making access easier.